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The code tower · the atrium

Vibe coding, AI agents and coding assistants

This is the entrance to the code tower. Vibe coding — describing what you want and letting a model write it — assistants that sit inside an editor, agents that run for an hour on their own, and the tools that let people build without writing code at all.

The tower serves two readers who rarely appear on the same page. One is a developer deciding which assistant to put in their editor and how much to trust it. The other has never programmed, has an idea, and has just discovered that describing it to a model produces something that runs. Both are legitimate, the second is growing far faster, and pretending the second does not exist is how most technical writing on this subject fails.

What both need turns out to be the same thing, which is why one wing sits at the centre of the building: knowing what to check. Generated code runs, looks finished and is frequently subtly wrong — a missing case, a secret left in a file, a dependency that nobody chose, an interface left open to the internet. None of that announces itself, and none of it is caught by the code working.

The agents wing is the newest and the one where the gap between demonstration and daily use is widest. Those floors describe what these systems do, what they cost to run, and where the supervision has to sit, rather than repeating a launch video.

The no-code wing exists because for a great many problems the honest answer is that no code should be written at all — a form, a spreadsheet and an automation between two services solves it in an afternoon and can be maintained by somebody who is not a programmer.

Three levels, and you are on the first. This atrium lists the floors; a floor covers one subject completely and holds the shorter guides underneath it. Nothing here is more than three clicks from the front door.

One observation deserves stating at the door, because it is the point on which this whole tower turns. The barrier to building software used to be writing it, and that barrier has genuinely fallen — somebody with no training can now describe an idea and watch something appear that runs. What has not fallen, at all, is everything that comes after: knowing whether it is correct, whether it is safe to expose to strangers, what it will do with data belonging to other people, and how it will be maintained in a year. Those were always the expensive parts of the job, and they are the parts the current generation of tools helps with least. That asymmetry is why the checking wing of this tower is the largest one, and why it is written to be read by somebody who has never programmed rather than by somebody who has.

Where to start

Seven ways in. If you are shipping something built this way, the third is not optional.

“I want to build something and cannot code.”
Start at building without coding
“Which assistant should I put in my editor?”
Go to the assistants
“I built something. Is it safe to put online?”
Read all of what to check
“What is an agent, actually?”
That is agents
“I want to automate a boring task.”
That is building without coding
“The model keeps inventing functions.”
The failure floors are in what to check
“Can I use this code commercially?”
There is a floor for that in the assistants

The assistants

One floor per tool that helps you write code, each answering the same questions: what it sees of your project, what it sends where, what it costs, and what its terms say about the output.

How they workWhat an AI code generator actually sees of your project, which explains most of its behaviour.Being built
GitHub CopilotThe most widely deployed assistant, and what the terms say about generated code.Being built
Editor-based assistantsThe code editor built around a model, and what changes about how you work in one.Being built
Command-line agentsAssistants that work in a terminal against a whole repository.Being built
Free optionsWhat is usable without paying, including for students and open projects.Being built
Code and licensingWhat each service says about ownership and about training data.Being built

What to check

The wing that matters most and gets written about least. Generated code that runs is not generated code that is correct, and these floors are the difference.

Reviewing generated codeAI code review in practice: what to read first, and the mistakes characteristic of models.Being built
Secrets and keysThe single most common serious error, and how to catch it before publishing.Being built
Before you go liveA short checklist for anything reachable from the internet.Being built
DependenciesWhat got installed along the way, and how to see the whole list.Being built
Testing what you cannot readEstablishing that it works when you cannot fully audit how.Being built
Data and databasesThe configuration mistakes that expose everything, in plain language.Being built

Agents

Systems that take a goal and work on it unattended. The floors here separate what is genuinely working from what is demonstration, and are specific about supervision.

What an agent isThe distinction between an assistant and an agent, without the marketing.Being built
What they do wellThe tasks where unattended work is genuinely reliable today.Being built
SupervisionWhere a human has to stay in the loop, and what happens when nobody is.Being built
CostWhat running one actually costs, which surprises people in both directions.Being built

Building without coding

For everybody whose problem does not require a programmer. Often the correct answer, and almost always the cheaper one to maintain.

Automation between appsAI automation between services you already use, and what each platform charges for it.Being built
No-code app buildersWhat they can build, and where you hit a wall that requires a developer.Being built
AI website buildersWhat they produce, and what maintaining the result looks like.Being built
Spreadsheets as softwareThe tool already on the machine that solves a surprising share of these problems.Being built
When you do need a developerThe signs that the no-code route has stopped being the cheap option.Being built

What this tower will not do

It will not tell a beginner that generated code is production-ready. It frequently runs and it frequently is not correct, and the checking wing exists precisely because the gap between those two is invisible from the outside.

It will not rank the assistants yet. These tools change monthly, a ranking is stale before it is published, and a useful comparison needs weeks of real work in a real project.

It will not treat agents as solved. Where a floor describes something as working unattended, it says on what kind of task and under what supervision, with the date.

And it will not carry affiliate links, including for the no-code platforms, which pay recurring commissions and dominate what currently ranks for these searches. What holds instead is simple: the checking wing applies to everything built with these tools, and no floor carries an affiliate link.

Written by Alberto Gulotta

Founder and editor of AI Tools Primer, writing from Palermo, Italy. Thirty-five years of taking computers apart, starting with a Commodore 64 — the long version is on the about page.

Something wrong on this page? Write to aitoolsprimer@gmail.com and it gets fixed.

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